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Verisk's framework
Demand surge was extended to Europe in 2023 through calibration of the demand surge model using available regional economic data, enhancing its ability to capture demand surge impacts across various perils.
Demand surge loss changes across European models
Summarizes the impact of demand surge on loss estimates across European models and perils, with supporting tables showing total and country-level loss changes.

Overview of demand surge
Provides an overview of the demand surge frameworks supported in Verisk Synergy Studio v1.0.0.
Verisk's standard demand surge framework
The standard demand surge framework uses the industry loss for a given event, and looks that up in a table which provides demand surge factors based on the level of industry loss experienced.
Verisk's framework
Demand surge was extended to Europe in 2023 through calibration of the demand surge model using available regional economic data, enhancing its ability to capture demand surge impacts across various perils.
- Developing global economic demand surge
  Understanding demand surge in Europe requires identifying significant catastrophe events and analyzing post-event price data to assess their impact on construction costs.
- Case studies: Historical evidence of demand surge in Europe
  These case studies review historic storms that affected Europe, their implications for excess demand for reconstruction, and the impact on costs following the events.
- Application of country-specific demand surge factor
  The Touchstone public API now supports a country-specific loss inflation model that is applied for the whole year instead of per event.
- Demand surge loss changes across European models
  Summarizes the impact of demand surge on loss estimates across European models and perils, with supporting tables showing total and country-level loss changes.
- Assessing demand surge for future events in Europe
  Future events in Europe may be influenced by evolving economic conditions, labor mobility, and improvements in construction cost data.
Verisk's enhanced U.S. demand surge framework
The enhanced U.S. demand surge framework is new for Verisk Synergy Studio v1.0.0.
Model validation and applications

Demand surge loss changes across European models

Summarizes the impact of demand surge on loss estimates across European models and perils, with supporting tables showing total and country-level loss changes.

Verisk's demand surge functionality is relevant to all U.S. models and can be used elsewhere where enhanced demand surge is not available.

The publication Verisk enhanced European demand surge - European Applications explains how the demand surge model is calibrated for European regions and applied to the relevant models. Refer to the associated tables for details on demand surge–related loss changes for these models.

Verisk Earthquake Model for the Pan-European Region
- Total loss change
- By country loss change
Verisk Extratropical Cyclone Model for Europe
- Total loss change
- By country loss change
Verisk Severe Thunderstorm Model for Europe
- Total loss change
- By country loss change
Verisk Inland Flood Model for Central Europe
- Total loss change
- By country loss change
Verisk Inland Flood Model for Great Britain
- Total loss change
- By country loss change

Note: Caution should be exercised before relating the industry changes shown here to a particular portfolio. The changes to individual books of business may deviate from the losses represented here to the extent that their spatial distribution and construction/occupancy mix deviate from industry averages.